Optical fiber networks are used for data transmissions. DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) is a technology which enhances the bandwidth of optical fiber networks. DWDM technology allows multiple signals to transmit on the same optical fiber networks. These signals are not of the same wavelength, but they transmit through the same optical fiber. These signals are also called lambdas. It is an advanced technology used to transmit data from one point to another. Multiple data streams are combined into a single optical fiber where each data stream has a different wavelength using the DWDM technology.
The U.S. research and education community operated the National LambdaRail (NLR) project. In the project, a high-speed national computer network laid 19,000 km. Later Patrick Soon-Shiong purchased the project. He tried to improve the infrastructure in the health sector but after that it was discontinued in March 2014.
What is DWDM Technology?
A single wavelength used to carry data is known as lambda. When the multiple data streams of different wavelength (lambdas) transmit through a single fiber cable the technology is used known as DWDM technology. In a DWDM technology multiple data signals of different wavelengths are assigned together and transmitted through the single optical fiber. At the receiver point demultiplexer separates these signals back to their original form. There each wavelength works individually. This is the working process of DWDM Technology.
Features of DWDM Technology
There are multiple features that DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) consists of. Here we have explained some of them-
- It has a high capacity to transmit multiple lambdas at a time. Through a single fiber DWDM technology allows the transmission of multiple signals.
- It is a cost efficient technology also. It does not require multiple optical fibers for data streams.
- The technology supports different data types.
- It supports long distance data transmission. For long transmission it works perfectly with optical amplifiers.
- Using multiple lambdas DWDM technology maximizes bandwidth and minimizes the pricing.
Disadvantages of DWDM Technology
Along with the various advantages there are some disadvantages also of DWDM technology. Here we have discussed few of them-
High Costing- It has an initial high costing setup. Equipment like transmitters, receivers, and amplifiers are expensive. If you are planning to set up a small network then it will definitely cost you very high. But for a larger network it may cost you less.
Complex Installation- The installation process is also difficult in the DWDM technology. Trained technicians will also be required to set up the network.
Temperature Effect- The lambdas can be affected due to temperature. You may require temperature controlled components.
Monitoring- You will have to monitor the network 24/7 to avoid any failure (like signal loss or crosstalk).
Electricity consumption- The DWDM networks are popular for their high power consumption. That increases operating expenses also in core networks.
Poor for Small-scale networks- DWDM network technology is good for large scale networks only. In small scale networks it performs poorly and also the cost goes very high.
Why National LambdaRail (NLR) Project Closed
The national lambdarail project was closed in March 2014. There were multiple reasons behind its closure. We have discussed here-
Ownership Changed- in 2011 the ownership of the project was taken by Patrick Soon-Shiong for $100 million. He tried to upgrade the network to support his healthcare technology initiative. But these plans never came into force.
Financial Challenges- The financial crisis that came into 2008 also affected the NLR project. The authorities went through economic distress.
Wordage with other Research team– NLR faced clashes with the other network research team. These are the few reasons why the National LambdaRail (NLR) Project ceased in March 2014 finally.
Applications of DWDM technology
The technology is still used widely in various sectors such as health, education, data centres and others.
Telecommunications Networks- In major telecom sectors the DWDM technology is used. The technology is used to carry data on long haul routes.
Data Centers: In data centres the DWDM technology is widely used. Google, Amazon, meta are some popular names where the data centres are DWDM technology based.
Internet Service Providers: The Internet Service providers used the DWDM technology mostly in urban areas.
Banking & Financial Services: Several banks and finance companies use the DWDM technology for high-speed communication across multiple cities or data centers.
Healthcare sectors: Many hospitals and health networks use DWDM technology for MRI, CT scans and remote surgery etc.
Military Networks: In military networks the DWDM technology is used for Intelligence data transfers and Emergency response networks.
Submarine Cable Systems: The Submarine Cable Systems works on the basis of DWDM technology. To transport internet and voice data across the technology is used.
Apart from these applications there are also various sectors where the DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) is used.
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